许明昌
（农业部渔业装备与工程重点开放实验室，中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092）

摘要：为确保金枪鱼渔情跟踪浮标在围网捕捞作业能正常供电，并提供足够的供电时长，设计了太阳能浮标供电系统。根据太阳能电池和蓄电池的性能特点及充放电特性，应用微控制单元(MCU)、脉冲宽度调制(PWM)、温度补偿和智能充放电控制等技术，实现了蓄电池过充放、过欠压、过载，太阳能电池和蓄电池反接、负载短路，蓄电池对太阳能电池放电（反充电），防雷等保护功能，解决了供电系统软硬件设计技术的安全性问题。结果表明，太阳能电池发电量、系统充放电性能及保护功能完全符合设计要求，正常情况下太阳能电池发电量足够满足蓄电池满电量状态，无需市电充电。

关键词：金枪鱼；浮标；太阳能电池；蓄电池；MCU；PWM

Design of power system for tuna fishery tracking buoy
XU Mingchang
（Key Laboratory of Fishery Equipment and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture,
Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, shanghai 20092,china）

Abstract：In order to ensure the normal power supply of the tuna fishery tracking buoy in the fishing operations, and provide sufficient power supply time, a solar power supply system of buoy was designed. Based on the solar battery and the storage battery performance characteristics and the charging and discharging characteristics, the battery overcharge discharge, over-voltage, under-voltage, overload, solar battery and storage battery reverse connection, short circuit of load, storage battery discharge for solar battery (reverse charge), lightning protection and other related protection were realized, and the security issues of software and hardware design of power supply system were solved, by using the micro control unit (MCU), pulse width modulation (PWM), temperature compensation and the intelligent charge and discharge control technology. The results show that the solar cell power generation, the performance of charge and discharge and the protection function of system fully meet the design requirements. Normally, it does not need to charge for that solar battery capacity can completely meet the battery always maintain full power state.

Keywords：tuna: bouy: solar cells; storage battery; MCU; PWM